电商平台经营者的安全保障义务及“相应的责任”研究

Research on the Security Obligations and “Corresponding Responsibilities” of E-Commerce Platform Operators

电商领域衍生的安保义务是传统安全保障义务向网络空间的扩展,两者有着相同的理论来源,但也存在较大差异。危险责任理论、信赖利益保护以及企业社会责任构成电商平台经营者安保义务的重要法理基础。2018年颁布的《电子商务法》第38条第2款,正式确立电商平台经营者的安全保障义务及其责任,但目前该规定极其含糊不清,例如存在安保义务主体、内容范围不清晰、安保义务认定标准不明确以及“相应责任”概念模糊等问题,对司法实践的适用带来巨大不便。由此提出,从明确安保义务主体、完善“最大努力义务”标准以及明确“相应的责任”性质多方面完善电商平台经营者安全保障义务制度。

The security obligations derived from the e-commerce field are an extension of traditional security obligations to the cyberspace. The two have the same theoretical source, but there are also significant differences. The theory of dangerous responsibility, protection of trust interests, and corporate social responsibility constitute important legal foundations for the security obligations of e-commerce platform operators. The second paragraph of Article 38 of the E-commerce Law promulgated in 2018 officially establishes the security obligations and responsibilities of e-commerce platform operators. However, the current provisions are extremely vague, such as the subject and scope of security obligations, unclear standards for determining security obligations, and vague concepts of “corresponding responsibilities”, which bring great inconvenience to the application of judicial practice. Therefore, it is proposed to improve the security obligation system for e- commerce platform operators from multiple aspects, including clarifying the main body of security obligations, improving the “maximum effort obligation”, and clarifying the nature of infringement liability of security obligations.