中国人力资本结构高级化水平测度、区域差异及空间相关性分析

Analysis on the Measurement, Regional Differences and Spatial Correlation of the Advanced Level of Human Capital Structure in China

人力资本是自主创新的主体,其结构的高级化更是经济高质量发展的有效支撑。文章利用2013~2022年中国省级面板数据,以向量夹角法测度了人力资本结构高级化水平,并进一步运用Dagum基尼系数、Moran指数对其差异化及空间相关性进行了分析。研究发现:1) 中国人力资本结构高级化整体水平呈现上升趋势,但不同地区的差异性较为明显,存在由东向西过渡的局面。2) 区域内的人力资本结构高级化水平差异除中部地区外,其余地区均出现波动性增长;区域间的人力资本结构高级化东部与东北部之间差距最大,中西部之间差距最小,且差异来源主要为区域间差异。3) 中国人力资本结构高级化水平存在明显的空间相关性,存在“高–高”集聚与“低–低”集聚的现象。Human capital is the mainstay of independent innovation, and its advanced structure is an effective support for high-quality economic development. The article uses provincial panel data in China from 2013 to 2022 to measure the level of advanced human capital structure using the vector angle method, and further analyzes its differentiation and spatial correlation using Dagum Gini coefficient and Moran index. Research has found that: 1) The overall level of advanced human capital structure in China is showing an upward trend, but there are more obvious differences in different regions, with a transition from east to west. 2) The difference in the level of advanced human capital structure within the region shows fluctuating growth in all regions except for the central region;the upgrading of human capital structure between regions has the largest gap between the eastern and northeastern regions, and the smallest gap between the central and western regions, with the main source of differences being regional differences. 3) There is a clear spatial correlation in the advanced level of China’s human capital structure, with the phenomenon of “high-high” clustering and “low-low” clustering.