《电子商务法》中“通知与反通知”规则适用研究

Study on the Application of “Notice and Counter-Notice” Rules in Electronic Commerce Law

随着互联网信息技术的快速发展,互联网知识产权侵权现象的发生日益频繁,知识产权权利主体与电子商务主体权益争议日益显化,各方主体权益保障失衡,故增设于通知–删除机制上的“反通知”机制应运而生,并被正式引入《电子商务法》,成为规制电子商务领域知识产权侵权行为重要调整规则。但在具体实践过程中,“通知与反通知”规则运行尚存问题,如行为人恶意行使通知权利、电子商务平台的审查义务与标准饱受争议、知识产权权益保护与平台内部经营者合法权益保障失衡等。故实现我国电子商务领域知识产权权益的有效保护与电子商务平台、平台外部权利人以及平台内部经营者三方权益的平衡,对营造良好的电子商务经营秩序,保障其持续性良性发展具有重要意义。本文从权利人主观要素的判定标准、电子商务平台审查义务与标准、各方权益平衡等方面对《电子商务法》中通知与反通知规则的适用问题进行了探究分析,并对问题的解决进行了思考。With the rapid development of Internet information technology, the occurrence of intellectual property rights infringement on the Internet has become increasingly frequent, and the disputes between intellectual property rights holders and e-commerce entities have become more prominent. The balance of rights protection among various stakeholders has been disrupted, so the “counter-notification” mechanism, which was added to the notification-deletion mechanism, was born and formally introduced into the Electronic Commerce Law, becoming an important adjustment rule for regulating intellectual property rights infringement in the e-commerce field. However, there are still problems in the operation of the “notification and counter-notification” rules in practice, such as the malicious exercise of the notification right by the party in question, the controversial review obligations and standards of e-commerce platforms, and the imbalance between intellectual property rights protection and the legitimate rights protection of platform internal operators. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively protect intellectual property rights in e-commerce in China and achieve a balance of interests among e-commerce platforms, platform external rights holders, and platform internal operators, in order to create a good business order and ensure the sustainable and healthy development of e-commerce. This paper explores and analyzes the application issues of the notification and counter-notification rules in the Electronic Commerce Law from the perspective of the determination standards of the subjective elements of the rights holder, the review obligations and standards of e-commerce platforms, and the balancing of interests, and reflects on the solution to the problem.