成都平原地区秋冬季节空气污染及其气象特征分析

Analysis of Air Pollution and Meteorological Characteristics in Autumn and Winter in Chengdu Plain Area

本文采用2014年1月1日~2017年2月28日成都平原逐日空气污染数据和气象观测资料,对成都平原空气污染、气象要素进行了时空分布特征研究,结合两者的相关性,进而分析气象要素对空气污染的影响,并通过主成分分析提取其中主要因子。结果表明:成都平原秋、冬季空气质量分别为全年的最优和最差,主要污染物为PM2.5和PM10。总体上,成都空气质量最差,绵阳、资阳较好;成都平原秋/冬季平均风速小,静小风频率高,降水量少,不利于污染物扩散,冬季尤为突出。平均水汽压、平均气压等气象要素对空气污染状况有显著影响。

Using daily air pollution and meteorological elements data of Chengdu plain from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2017, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollution and meteorological factors were studied. Combined with the correlation between the two, influence of meteorological conditions on pollutants concentrations was analyzed, and the main factors were extracted by principal component analysis in this article. Statistic results showed that: 1) In Chengdu plain, the air quality was best in autumn and worst in winter. PM2.5 and PM10 were the primary pollutants. On the whole, the air quality in Chengdu was the worst, and Mianyang and Ziyang are better. 2) In Chengdu plain, smaller average wind velocity, higher static wind frequency and lower rainfall in both autumn and winter, especially in winter, suppressed the diffusion of pollutants. The average vapor pressure, mean air pressure and other meteorological elements had a significant impact on air pollution.