生态文明建设下的牧区人地关系优化研究——以乌拉特后旗为例

Study on Optimization of Man-Land Relationship in Pastoral Area under Ecological Civilization Construction —Take the Wulatehou Banner for Example

人地关系恶化是内蒙古牧区生存与可持续发展的突出问题,并且已经威胁到我国北疆生态安全。本文运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,对地处我国荒漠戈壁的乌拉特后旗日趋恶化的人地矛盾进行研究,以期在生态文明建设的背景下对牧区人地关系优化及实现可持续发展提供思路。研究认为:生态文明建设主要分为人与自然、人与人、人与社会关系之间的和谐共生、良性循环、全面发展、持续繁荣等文明形态,其评价的主要一级指标是自然环境、经济与社会三者之间的关系;牧区人地矛盾主要体现在草原生态环境恶化、社会经济文化发展困境以及自然灾害频发。针对以上情况提出以下建议:走生态优先的高质量发展道路、依法保障荒漠戈壁生态用水、发挥牧民传统生态智慧与技能、严格杜绝任何形式的破坏性和掠夺性开发矿产、资源等各种违法活动等。

The deterioration of man-land relationship is a prominent problem for the survival and sustainable development of pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia, and has threatened the ecological security in the north of China. This paper uses the methods of literature and logical analysis to study the promi-nent man-land contradiction in Wulatehou Banner, which is located in the desert Gobi in China, in order to provide ideas for the optimization of man-land relationship and the realization of sustaina-ble development in the pastoral area under the background of ecological civilization construction. The research shows that ecological civilization construction is mainly divided into human beings, between human and nature, man and society, relationship between the harmonious coexistence, benign circulation, comprehensive development, sustainable prosperity, civilization form. The pri-mary evaluation index is the relationship among natural environment, economy and society. The contradiction between man and land in pastoral areas mainly manifests in the deterioration of grassland ecological environment, the dilemma of social, economic and cultural development and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters. In view of the above situation, the following sugges-tions are put forward: take the ecological priority of high-quality development road, protect the ecological water in desert and Gobi according to law, give full play to the traditional ecological wis-dom and skills of herdsmen, strictly prevent any form of destructive and predatory exploitation of mineral resources and other resources activities.