基于航空客流的北京、上海与国际城市联系的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Connection among Beijing, Shanghai and International Cities Based on Air Passenger Flow

随着全球化进程的不断深入,航空运输成为当前城市间相互联系的重要物质基础,体现了城市间的直接关系,是研究城市网络的合适工具。本文基于世界城市网络的相关研究,从航空联系的视角,以上海和北京这两个城市为例,探索中国城市对外联系特征。研究表明,中国城市对外联系经过几十年的发展,对外联系的广度和强度都得到了大大地强化。同时显现出了如下特征:第一,对外联系仍以日、韩等亚洲国家为主,同时国内热门机场之间联系紧密;第二,航司总部选址对于对外联系发展具有推进作用,第三,北京、上海等热门机场在一带一路航线上起到重要枢纽地位;中国西南地区的三个机场都位于“一个区域”。“路”战略呈现独特的区位优势;第四,城市中介能力与地理区位联系紧密。

With the deepening of globalization, air transport has become an important material basis for the current inter city relationship, reflecting the direct relationship among cities, and is an appropriate tool for the study of urban network. Based on the related research of world urban network, this paper explores the characteristics of Chinese cities’ external contact from the perspective of aviation connection, taking Shanghai and Beijing as examples. The research shows that after decades of development, the breadth and intensity of China’s urban external relations have been greatly strengthened. At the same time, it shows the following characteristics: First, the external relations are still dominated by Asian countries such as Japan and South Korea, while the domestic popular airports are closely connected. Second, the location of the headquarters of the shipping company has a positive effect on the development of external links. Third, the hot spots in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou play an important role in the whole area. The three airports in Southwest China are located in the “one area”. The “road” strategy presents unique location advantages. Fourth, the city intermediary capacity is closely related to the geographical location.