浅析自然地理环境对民族地区经济的影响机制

The Influence Mechanism of Natural Geographical Environment on the Economy of Ethnic Regions Was Analyzed

民族地区经济发展离不开所处自然地理环境的支持。为更好探究自然环境对于民族地区经济的影响,本文首先梳理了我国民族地区的自然地理环境,发现少数民族主要聚集在高原、山地和草地上,在气候和河流存在一定差异;紧接着通过气候变化、地形地貌和水资源等三个具体的自然地理环境对民族地区生产方式的展开分析;在此基础上,厘清了自然地理环境对民族地区经济的机制和影响:第一,地理区位在优势演化中对民族地区经济发展具有举足轻重的影响;第二,气候条件、地形地貌对民族地区经济的发展具有一定影响,主要通过生态服务和特色产业实现其经济价值;第三,水资源通过自然–社会–贸易的循环,对民族地区经济的发展有着约束作用。

The economic development of ethnic regions is inseparable from the support of the natural geographical environment in which they live. In order to better explore the influence of the natural environment on the economy of ethnic areas, this paper first sorts out the natural geographical environment of ethnic regions in China, and finds that ethnic minorities are mainly concentrated on plateaus, mountains and grasslands, and there are certain differences in climate and rivers. Then, the production mode of ethnic regions was analyzed through three specific natural geographical environments, including climate change, topography and landform, and water resources. On this basis, the mechanism and influence of natural geographical environment on the economy of ethnic minority areas are clarified: first, geographical location has a decisive impact on the economic development of ethnic areas in the evolution of advantages;Second, climatic conditions, topography and landforms have a certain impact on the economic development of ethnic areas, and their economic value is mainly realized through ecological services and characteristic industries;Third, water resources have a restraining effect on the economic development of ethnic regions through the natural-social-trade cycle.