鄂尔多斯露天矿人造地形价值探寻——以武家塔为例

Exploration of the Value of Artificial Topography in Ordos Open-Pit Mine—Taking Wujiata as an Example

煤矿露天开采这种人为高度集约和夷平式开采的方式,意味着由地貌形态、地表要素发生巨大改变,但也会在一定时间内可以有预期地形成大片平整化的土地,原本丘陵沟壑纵横的原始地貌随着开采、挖掘、复垦后沟壑消失了,取而代之的是大量复垦平台,这种露天开采矿山后形成的人造地形从一般意义上具备了开发再利用的条件,鉴于此,本文以武家塔露天矿作为典型区对露天矿人造地形能否作为耕地后备资源的可行性进行探讨,结果表明武家塔露天煤矿可作为耕地后备资源的土地达到3.94 km2,占矿区总面积的39.78%,并且在进一步提取整个鄂尔多斯市露天矿的修复土地面积后表明整个鄂尔多斯地区露天煤矿可作为耕地后备资源的土地达到440.40 km2。

The open-pit mining of coal mines, which is a highly intensive and flat mining method, means that there will be significant changes in the morphology and surface elements of the land, but it can also form large areas of leveled land in a certain period of time. The original terrain, which was originally characterized by hills and gullies, disappears after mining, excavation, and reclamation, and is replaced by a large number of reclamation platforms. The artificial terrain formed after open-pit mining generally has the conditions for development and reuse. In view of this, this article takes the Wujiata open-pit mine as a typical area to explore the feasibility of using the artificial terrain of the open-pit mine as a reserve resource for farmland. The results show that the land that can be used as a reserve resource for farmland in the Wujiata open-pit mine reaches 3.94 km2, accounting for 39.78% of the total mining area, furthermore, after further extracting the restoration land area of the entire open-pit coal mine in Ordos City, it was shown that the land area of the open-pit coal mine in the entire Ordos area can be used as a reserve resource for arable land, reaching 440.40 km2.