地势对北京避暑旅游气候舒适度的影响

The Influence of Topography on the Climate Comfortability of Cool Summer Tourism in Beijing

利用2010~2019年北京6个郊区的52个自动气象观测站的逐小时气象资料,分析了一天中北京郊区避暑旅游舒适度(B)的时间及空间变化特征,并探究了海拔高度对北京郊区适宜开展避暑旅游的时段及区域分布的影响。结果表明:海拔高度对避暑旅游舒适度日变化有明显影响,对最适宜开展避暑旅游的时段及区域有一定判断作用;随着海拔高度升高,北京郊区的B日变化可分为三类,适宜开展避暑旅游的区域海拔高度应高于400米,其中海拔高度高于900米的区域适宜开展避暑旅游时段为09~18时,与公众出游时间重合度更高,且舒适度更高,舒适时段也更长;按行政区划来看,适宜开展避暑旅游的地区主要为延庆、房山、门头沟的西部,以及平谷、密云区的东部。综合来看,海拔高度偏高的区域更适宜开展避暑旅游。

Based on the hourly meteorological data from 52 automatic meteorological stations in 6 suburbs of Beijing from 2010 to 2019, the temporal and spatial daily variation characteristics of the climate comfortability of cool summer tourism (B) in Beijing suburbs were analyzed, and the influence of altitude on the suitable time period and regional distribution of cool summer tourism in Beijing suburbs was explored. The results are as follows: Altitude has a significant impact on the daily variation of B, and has a certain role in judging the most suitable time period and area for cool summer tourism. As the altitude increases, the daily variation of B in Beijing suburbs can be divided into three types. The suitable area for cool summer tourism should have an altitude higher than 400 meters, and the area with an altitude higher than 900 meters is suitable for cool summer tourism from 9 to 18 o’clock, which coincides with the public travel time more closely, and has a higher climate comfortability and a longer comfortable period. According to the administrative division, the suitable areas for cool summer tourism are mainly located in western Yanqing, western Fangshan, western Mentougou, eastern Pinggu and eastern Miyun District. In general, the higher the altitude is, the more suitable for cool summer tourism.