推进喀斯特山地农业转型,促进生态文明建设—贵州兴义市石山区农业发展的思考

Boosting Karst Mountain Agricultural Transformation, Promoting the Construction of Ecological Civilization—Thinking of Agricultural Development in Xingyi Mountainous Region, Guizhou

生态文明是自然科学和社会科学发展和有机结合的成果,喀斯特山地石头多、土壤瘠薄、保水保肥能力差,在生态保护不力的情况下,极易发生土地石漠化。发展区域特色的“喀斯特山地生态农业”,就是要遵循当地区域喀斯特山地的气候、生物、水源、土地、人力等自然和社会规律,以生物和环境之间物质循环和能量转化为基本特征,使农业的生产和发展在相关生物及环境之间建立一种生物的、科学的、高效的自然循环系统,在这种生态系统中实现物质循环利用和能量传递转化,实现农业生产过程中生态环境的自我维持和自我调节,确保农业与生态资源的合理利用、循环再生和持续使用,防止环境退化,建设生态文明。

Ecological civilization is the organic combination of achievements in the development of natural science and social science, karat mountainous and rocky, barren soil, soil and water conservation insurance fertilizer, in ecological protection under the condition of poor, prone to desertification. The development of “Karat mountain ecological agriculture” with regional characteristics is to follow Karat mountains’ local natural and social rules, such as climate, biology, water, land, human, etc., and based on the basic characteristic of energy transformation and material circulation be-tween the biological and environmental materials, to build a biological, scientific and efficient natural cycle system in the correlation between biology and environment for agricultural produc-tion and development. In this kind of ecosystem, we can realize the circular use of materials and transformation of the energy, and the self-maintenance and self-regulation of the ecological envi-ronment in the agricultural production process, to ensure agricultural and ecological resources recycling and sustainable use, to prevent environmental degradation, and finally to the con-struct ecological civilization.