西藏辣椒地方品种种子萌发期耐低温性研究

Study on Low Temperature Tolerance during Seed Germination of Tibetan Local Pepper Varieties

为筛选出西藏辣椒地方品种的耐低温资源,对14个地方品种在25℃常温、18℃和15℃低温下开展了种子萌发试验,结果表明:发芽参数在14个地方品种间表现出巨大的差异,其中发芽势的差异最大,发芽指数次之,发芽率最小。用18℃低温下发芽参数的平均隶属函数值进行聚类可将14个地方品种分为4类,即耐低温性强的品种,有品种3和2;耐低温性中等的品种,有品种6、0和25;耐低温差的品种,有品种5、4、28、1、49、9、48和51;耐低温极差的品种,有品种52。品种3和2在18℃低温下表现出良好的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数,在15℃低温下有较好的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数,可作为耐低温育种的优选种质材料;品种6、0和25在18℃低温下也表现出良好的发芽势和发芽率,是耐低温育种的可选种质材料。

In order to screen low temperature tolerant resources of Tibetan local pepper varieties, seed germination experiments were carried out at 25?C, 18?C and 15?C for fourteen local varieties. The results showed that there were remarkable differences in germination parameters among fourteen local varieties, in which the difference of germination potential was the greatest, followed by the germination index and the germination rate. Fourteen local varieties can be classified into four groups by clustering with the mean membership function values of germination parameters at 18?C, varieties with strong low temperature tolerance were accession 3 and 2, varieties with moderate low temperature tolerance were 6, 0 and 25, varieties with poor low temperature tolerance were 5, 4, 28, 1, 49, 9, 48 and 51, variety with extremely poor low temperature tolerance was accession 52. Accessions 3 and 2 showed good germination potential, germination rate and germination index at 18?C. They also had good germination potential, germination rate and germination index at 15?C. They could be used as the best germplasms for low temperature tolerance breeding. However, ac-cessions 6, 0 and 25 also showed good germination potential and germination rate at 18?C and could be considered as the potential germplasms for low temperature tolerance breeding.