pH对土壤–作物系统中砷的影响研究进展

Advances in Research on the Effect of pH on Arsenic in Soil-Crop Systems

砷是土壤中的重金属污染物之一。当土壤被砷污染时,会导致农产品产生残毒,并会通过土壤–作物系统进入食物链,危害人体健康。影响土壤As生物有效性的因素已经成为近年来的研究热点,而土壤理化性对砷的质影响的研究较早也较为成熟,已得到广泛认可。而pH是土壤理化性质中影响As生物有效性和植物对砷的吸收转运最重要的因素之一。本文简述了土壤中砷形态和生物吸收的研究进展,并从吸附、解吸、形态、含量四个方面重点分析了土壤pH对As的影响。最后,针对当前研究中存在的问题和不足,提出了进一步研究的建议和展望。

As one of the five most toxic environment pollutants, arsenic has a great impact on the growth of plants and animals. Polluted soil will result in toxin in agricultural product and arsenic can enter into food chain by soil-crop system, which will hurt human beings. Factors affecting the bioavailability of soil arsenic have been one of the focuses of environmental science in recent years. The research on the influence of soil physical and chemical properties is mature and has been widely recognized, and pH is one of the most important factors affecting the bioavailability of As. In this paper, progresses in the study of speciation and biological uptake of arsenic in soil were introduced. The effects of soil pH on As bioavailability were analyzed emphasizing on four aspects: adsorption, desorption, chemical form and content. Finally, according to the limitation of the current research, perspectives and suggestions on further studies were proposed.