双孔钾通道研究进展

Research Progress of Two-Pore Potassium Channels

钾通道是选择性允许K+跨膜通过的离子通道,而双孔钾通道是钾通道蛋白超家族的一个重要分支,其产生的电流为背景钾电流。因其具有十分重要且广泛的生理及病理学作用,近年来研究者们对双孔钾通道的研究进展较快。因双孔钾通道存在的亚型较多、功能复杂,现有研究较多,而现有综述性文献对其介绍不够清晰,本文即从分布与分类、生理病理及功能特性方面对其进行综述,以期为研究双孔钾通道的学者提供参考。

Potassium channel is an ion channel that selectively allows K+ to pass across the membrane. Two-pore potassium channel (K2P) is an important branch of the potassium channel superfamily, and its current is the background potassium current. Due to its important and extensive physiological and pathological effects, researchers have made rapid progress in the study of two-pore potassium channels in recent years. Because there are many subtypes of two-pore potassium channels and their functions are complex, there are many studies on two-pore potassium channels, but the existing review literature is not clear enough. This article reviews the distribution and classification, physiological and pathological characteristics and functional characteristics of two-pore potassium channels, in order to provide a reference for scholars studying two-pore potassium channels.