外泌体非编码RNA在非小细胞肺癌中的研究进展

Research Progress of Exosomal Non-Coding RNA in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,死亡率居我国恶性肿瘤首位,患者5年生存率很低。越来越多的研究发现非编码RNA(non-coding RNA, ncRNA)在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要作用。外泌体ncRNA可参与转录调节、细胞增殖、凋亡等多个生物学过程。部分外泌体ncRNA在非小细胞肺癌中存在差异表达,有望成为NSCLC早期诊断的标志物。本文主要综述外泌体中的微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)和环状RNA(circular RNA, circRNA)在NSCLC中的研究进展,探讨外泌体ncRNA作为早期诊断NSCLC新型标志物的临床应用价值与局限性。

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with the highest mortality rate and the very low 5-year survival rate. More and more studies have found that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Exosomal ncRNA can participate in many biological processes such as transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and so on. Some exosomal ncRNA are differentially expressed in non- small cell lung cancer, which is expected to be a marker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of microRNAs (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in exosomes in NSCLC. To investigate the clinical application value and limitation of exosome ncRNA as a novel marker for early diagnosis of NSCLC.