岩土隔震技术在四川地区的应用与发展

Application and Development of Rock Soil Seismic Isolation Technology in Sichuan Province

岩土隔震技术已经在四川省形成了应用与发展。四川省地处欧亚板块和印度板块碰撞带,地震活动频繁,地质构造复杂。岩土隔震技术通过在地基与上部结构之间设置隔震层,利用隔震装置的柔性和耗能能力,降低地震作用对结构物的影响。阐述了岩土隔震技术的基本原理,包括地震动的传播与放大效应、隔震装置的构成与功能、力学原理、应用条件以及隔震层设计与施工。同时介绍了国内外岩土隔震技术的研究现状,国际上已有百余年历史,国内虽起步较晚但近年来发展迅速。接着分析了岩土隔震技术在四川的应用,包括四川的地质构造与地震活动性、岩土特性,并以成都地铁抗震设计和汶川地震博物馆为例展示了典型工程案例,还指出了该技术在四川应用的技术优势与挑战。最后展望了岩土隔震技术未来的发展方向,包括技术优化与创新、标准化与规范化、实践与推广。岩土隔震技术在四川地区具有广阔应用前景和重要现实意义。The rock and soil isolation technology has been applied and developed in Sichuan Province. Sichuan Province is located in the collision zone between the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate, with frequent seismic activity and complex geological structures. Geotechnical isolation technology reduces the impact of seismic action on structures by setting isolation layers between the foundation and upper structure, utilizing the flexibility and energy dissipation capacity of isolation devices. This article elaborates on the basic principles of geotechnical isolation technology, including the propagation and amplification effects of seismic motion, the composition, and function of isolation devices, mechanical principles, application conditions, and the design and construction of isolation layers. At the same time, the research status of geotechnical isolation technology at home and abroad was introduced. It has a history of over a hundred years internationally, and although it started relatively late in China, it has developed rapidly in recent years. Subsequently, the application of geotechnical isolation technology in Sichuan was analyzed, including the geological structure, seismic activity, and geotechnical characteristics of Sichuan. Typical engineering cases were presented using the seismic design of Chengdu Metro and the Wenchuan Earthquake Museum as examples, and the technical advantages and challenges of this technology in Sichuan were also pointed out. Finally, the future development direction of geotechnical isolation technology was discussed, including technological optimization and innovation, standardization, normalization, practice, and promotion. The rock and soil isolation technology has broad application prospects and important practical significance in the Sichuan region.