用于检测钾离子的传感器的研究进展

Research Progress of Sensors for the Detection of Potassium Ions

钾离子是维持和调节身体机能的重要矿物质,参与多种新陈代谢,与糖原和蛋白质合成有密切关系,能调节细胞内外液体的渗透压及酸碱平衡和影响神经肌肉组织的兴奋性。钾离子浓度异常,对细胞膜的功能影响很大,可引起神经、平滑肌、心肌等严重的功能障碍,与多种疾病相关。因此,钾离子的检测方法和高准确度倍受关注,需要开发快速、可靠、定量分析钾离子的方法对于医学诊断是重要的。

Potassium ion is an important mineral to maintain and regulate body function. It is involved in many kinds of metabolism. It is closely related to glycogen and protein synthesis. It can regulate osmotic pressure of liquid inside and outside cells, acid-base balance and affect excitability of neuromuscular tissue. The abnormal concentration of potassium ion has a great influence on the function of cell membrane, which can cause serious dysfunction of nerve, smooth muscle and myocardium, and is related to many diseases. Therefore, the detection methods and high accuracy of potassium ions have attracted more attention. It is necessary to develop a rapid, reliable and quantitative method for the analysis of potassium ions for medical diagnosis.