煤矸石基Na-X型沸石制备及矿区沉陷水体中铜的吸附性能研究

Preparation of Gangue-Based Na-X Zeolite and Adsorption Performance of Copper in Mine Subsidence Water Bodies

本研究旨在开发一种高效、环保的吸附材料,用于矿区沉陷水体中铜离子的去除。通过利用煤矸石中的硅铝资源,成功制备了Na-X型沸石,并对其在矿区沉陷水体中对铜离子的吸附性能进行了系统研究。首先,通过优化煤矸石的预处理工艺和沸石的合成条件,得到了具有高结晶度和良好孔结构的Na-X型沸石。随后,采用批量吸附实验,考察了初始铜离子浓度、吸附剂用量、pH值和温度等因素对吸附性能的影响。结果表明,Na-X型沸石对铜离子表现出优异的吸附能力,在20~100 mg/L的浓度范围内对煤矸石基Na-X沸石进行性能评价。在初始浓度低于40 mg/L的低浓度铜溶液中Na-X型沸石进行吸附,随铜溶液初始浓度的增加,其吸附量逐渐增大;在浓度高于60 mg/L时Na-X型沸石基本达到最大吸附量203.97 mg/g。当初始同浓度低于30 mg/g时,对废水中铜的去除率均可达到98.9%以上。同时随着溶液pH的增大,Na-X沸石对铜吸附能力越强。在pH为5.15时,铜吸附性能达到最大值188.92 mg/g。在pH为4~5.15时,Na-X的铜吸附性能在170 mg/g以上,说明在此pH范围内Na-X沸石的性能较为稳定。此外,通过XRD、FTIR和SEM等表征手段,揭示了吸附过程中铜离子与沸石之间的相互作用机制。本研究不仅为煤矸石的资源化利用提供了新途径,也为矿区沉陷水体的治理提供了有效的技术支持。The aim of this study is to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbent material for the removal of copper ions from mine subsidence waters. By utilizing the silica-aluminum resources in the coal gangue, Na-X-type zeolite was successfully prepared, and its adsorption performance for copper ions in the mine subsidence waters was systematically studied. Firstly, by optimizing the pretreatment process of gangue and the synthesis conditions of zeolite, Na-X-type zeolite with high crystallinity and good pore structure was obtained. Subsequently, batch adsorption experiments were used to investigate the effects of initial copper ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH value and temperature on the adsorption performance. The results showed that the Na-X-type zeolite exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for copper ions, and the performance of gangue-based Na-X zeolite was evaluated in the concentration range of 20~100 mg/L. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of Na-X-type zeolite for copper ions was excellent. Na-X zeolite adsorbed in low concentration copper solution with initial concentration lower than 40 mg/L, and its adsorption amount gradually increased with the increase of initial concentration of copper solution;Na-X zeolite basically reached the maximum adsorption amount of 203.97 mg/g when the concentration was higher than 60 mg/L. When the initial concentration of the same was lower than 30 mg/g, the removal rate of copper in the wastewater could reach more than 98.9%. Meanwhile, with the increase of solution pH, the stronger the copper adsorption capacity of Na-X zeolite. At pH 5.15, the copper adsorption performance reached the maximum value of 188.92 mg/g. At pH 4~5.15, the copper adsorption performance of Na-X was above 170 mg/g, which indicated that the performance of Na-X zeolite was more stable in this pH range. In addition, the interaction mechanism between copper ions and zeolite during the adsorption process was revealed by characterization means such as XRD, FTIR and SEM. This study not only provides a new way for the resource utilization of coal gangue, but also provides an effective technical support for the management of mine subsidence waters.