机械损伤对茶用杜仲光合作用以及酚类物质影响的研究

Study on the Effect of Mechanical Damage on Photosynthesis and Phenolic Substances in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver

为了探究不同程度机械损伤对茶用杜仲叶片光合作用的影响,以及茶用杜仲酚类化合物对机械损伤的响应,以5年生杜仲植株为机械损伤试验材料,采用盆栽去顶端嫩芽做机械损伤试验,在处理三天后利用Li-6400便携式光合测定仪测定机械损伤对杜仲植株不同部位叶片光合特性影响,使用液质联用技术(LC-MS)测定机械损伤对其酚类化合物调控模式。结果表明:轻度机械损伤不影响杜仲植株正常光合生理作用;重度机械损伤使杜仲叶片光合参数有所降低。机械损伤处理共引起21种酚类化合物在杜仲的不同组织部位进行相应,其中绿原酸、芦丁等8种在叶片中进行特异性积累,可能是杜仲应激机械损伤的重要防御物质。绿原酸是杜仲主要活性成分之一,上述结果表明机械损伤诱导杜仲应激防御系统响应,促进酚类物质积累以提高抵抗能力,调节了叶片中绿原酸等有效成分的增加,为提高茶用杜仲叶片保健功效和优良栽培技术提供科学、合理的理论依据。

In order to explore the effects of different degrees of mechanical damage on photosynthesis of tea leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, and the response of tea E. ulmoides phenolic compounds to mechanical damage, the 5-year-old E. ulmoides plant was used as the mechanical damage test material, and the potted plant was used to make the mechanical damage test. After three days of treatment, the effect of mechanical damage on the photosynthetic characteristics of different parts of E. ulmoides was determined by Li-6400 portable photosynthetic apparatus. The control mode of mechanical damage to phenolic compounds was determined by LC-MS. The results showed that mild mechanical damage did not affect the normal photosynthetic physiological function of E. ulmoides plants;severe mechanical damage reduced the photosynthetic parameters of E. ulmoides leaves. Mechanical damage treatment caused a total of 21 phenolic compounds in different tissues of E. ulmoides. Among them, chlorogenic acid and rutin were specifically accumulated in the leaves, which may be an important defense material for mechanical damage of E. ulmoides. Chlorogenic acid is one of the main active constituents of E. ulmoides. The above results indicate that mechanical damage induces the response of E. ulmoides stress defense system, promotes the accumulation of phenolic substances to improve the resistance, and regulates the increase of active components such as chlorogenic acid in leaves, providing scientific and reasonable theoretical basis for the health effects and excellent cultivation techniques of E. ulmoides leaves.