杭州市慢性病行为危险因素现况及影响因素研究

Study on the Status and Influencing Factors of Behavioral Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases in Hangzhou

目的:了解杭州市慢性病行为危险因素的流行特征并探讨其影响因素。方法:使用2019年杭州市成人行为危险因素监测数据,该调查采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取杭州市18~69岁常住户口居民1056人进行调查,内容包括吸烟、饮酒、饮食、体力活动、超重或肥胖5种慢性病常见行为危险因素。结果:杭州市成人居民5种慢性病行为危险因素流行率从高到低依次为水果蔬菜摄入不足率(53.20%)、体力活动不足率(40.29%)、超重或肥胖率(35.39%)、现在吸烟率(23.91%)和有害饮酒率(2.40%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,女性在吸烟率、饮酒率、水果蔬菜摄入不足率和肥胖或超重率上均低于男性;家庭收入高的居民蔬菜水果摄入不足率低于家庭收入低者;郊县地区居民吸烟率和蔬菜水果摄入不足率高于城市居民。结论:杭州市慢性病行为危险因素流行情况处于较高水平,且人群分布特征存在差异,需要采取有针对性的干预措施来降低慢性病行为危险因素流行率,达到预防和控制慢性病的发生和发展的效果。

Objective: To investigate the epidemic characteristics of behavioral risk factors of chronic diseases among residents in Hangzhou. Methods: Based on data on adult behavior risk factors in Hangzhou in 2019, 1056 permanent residents aged 15~69 were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method for investigation, the content included basic information and five risk factors of smoking, harmful drinking, insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits, physical inactivity, and overweight/obesity. Results: The order of the five risk factors in adult residents was insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (53.20%), insufficient physical activity (40.29%), overweight or obesity (35.39%), current smoking rate (23.91%) and harmful drinking rate (2.40%). The rates of smoking, drinking, insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables, and obesity or overweight in females were lower than in males;the rates of insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits of residents with high family income were lower than low-income;the rates of smoking and insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits in suburban areas were higher than urban. Conclusion: The prevalence of behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases was high among residents in Hangzhou, and there are differences in population distribution characteristics. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to reduce the prevalence of behavioral risk factors of chronic diseases, and achieve the effect of prevention and control of the occurrence and development of chronic diseases.