角膜移植新进展

Advances of Cornea Transplantation

角膜盲是世界第5大致盲眼病,角膜移植手术是用透明、健康的角膜替换混浊角膜从而恢复一定视力的手术方式,是角膜盲唯一的治疗手段。角膜移植手术主要包括穿透性角膜移植术、板层角膜移植术、角膜内皮移植术,其他新兴的治疗方法包括飞秒激光辅助角膜移植手术和应用人工生物角膜进行移植手术等,本文就这些角膜移植的术式及人工生物角膜材料的最新进展进行了综述。

At present, cornea opacity is the fifth most common leading cause of blindness in the world. Cornea transplantation is the only treatment for corneal blindness, in which we replace the opaque cornea with healthy and transparent cornea to restore visual acuity. Corneal transplantation mainly includes penetrating keratoplasty, lamellar keratoplasty and endothelium keratoplasty. Other emerging treatment methods such as femtosecond laser-assisted keratoplasty and keratoplasty using artificial biological cornea are also applied in clinic. This paper reviews the latest progress of these corneal transplantation methods and artificial biological cornea materials.