植物对西北地区农田面源污染影响研究进展

Research Progress on the Effect of Plants on Farmland Surface Pollution in Northwest China

近年来,农业化学品的过量使用增加了农田面源污染的风险,特别在西北干旱半干旱地区,这种污染对当地水资源和生态系统造成了严重影响。本文系统梳理了国内外关于农田面源污染控制技术,着重阐述了植物根系对土壤性质和氮迁移转化的影响,并提出了建立农田植物根系特征为主的面源污染控制方法的建议。通过开展对农田氮污染控制效果评估,可有效控制农田径流中氮污染,为城市生态文明建设和面源污染防控提供重要借鉴。这种基于植物根系的污染控制方法有望在农业生产实践中得到应用,助力改善农田面源污染问题,促进生态环境的健康与可持续发展。

In recent years, the excessive use of agrochemicals has increased the risk of farmland surface source pollution, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China, and such pollution has caused serious impacts on local water resources and ecosystems. In this paper, we systematically sorted out the domestic and international technologies on farmland surface source pollution control, focused on the influence of plant root system on soil properties and nitrogen migration and transformation, and put forward a proposal to establish a surface source pollution control method dominated by the characteristics of plant root system in farmland. By carrying out the assessment of the effect of controlling nitrogen pollution in farmland, nitrogen pollution in farmland runoff can be effectively controlled, which provides an important reference for the construction of urban ecological civilization and the prevention and control of surface source pollution. This pollution control method based on plant root system is expected to be applied in agricultural production practice, helping to improve the problem of farmland surface source pollution and promote the healthy and sustainable development of ecological environment.