土壤蚯蚓多功能性研究进展

Research Progress on the Multifunctionality of Soil Earthworms

蚯蚓能够对多种决定土壤肥力的过程产生重要影响,在自然生态系统中具有非常重要的作用。土壤中的各种有机物经发酵,蚯蚓食用后,在蚯蚓体内多种消化酶分解作用下,转化为蚯蚓粪。在土壤中养殖蚯蚓或施加蚯蚓粪能够加速土壤有机质分解,改良土壤结构,缓解农作物的连作障碍,减轻土壤中病原微生物对蔬菜和农作物的危害,提高土壤微生物活性,提高农作物的产量和品质。目前,蚯蚓及其代谢产物不仅广泛应用于蔬菜、食用菌生产及提高作物品质等方面,还对土壤污染物消解,水体污染治理,大气污染防治等方面有重要贡献。

Earthworms can influence a variety of processes that determine soil fertility, and play a very im-portant role in natural ecosystems. Decomposed organic matter was digested and converted into vermicompost under the action of a variety of digestive enzymes in the earthworm body. Breeding earthworms in the soil or applying earthworm manure can accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter, improve the soil structure, alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles of crops, reduce the harm of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil to vegetables and crops, improve soil microbial activity, and increase the yield and quality of crops. At present, earthworms and their metabolites are not only widely used in the production of vegetables and edible fungi and the im-provement of crop quality, but also make important contributions to the elimination of soil pollu-tants, the treatment of water pollution, and the prevention and control of air pollution.