广西九万山国家级自然保护区植物多样性调查

Investigation of Plant Diversity in Jiuwan Mountain National Nature Reserve of Guangxi Province

在九万山国家级自然保护区生物多样性监测固定样地(一期)建设项目资助下,于2011年7月至8月期间对自然保护区内24个固定样地开展植物多样性调查,利用丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数以及均匀度PieLou指数,对植物多样性进行研究,比较核心区、缓冲区以及实验区的植物(物种)多样性,并对植物多样性指数与海拔高度、坡向、坡度的相关性进行了初步分析。结果表明:九万山自然保护区植物多样性较高,群落总体丰富度范围为31~80,Shannon-Wiener指数值范围为2.8861~3.8108,Simpson指数值范围为0.9248~0.9673,均匀度指数范围为0.7947~0.8980。总体而言,植物多样性表现为核心区大于实验区和缓冲区。乔木的物种多样性与海拔关系不明显,灌木、草本的均匀度与海拔高度呈显著负相关。坡向与坡度对灌木多样性影响较显著,半阳坡、半阴坡和阴坡三个坡面的比较,灌木丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数为半阳坡 】半阴坡 】阴坡,Simpson指数、均匀度PieLou指数为半阴坡 】半阳坡 】阴坡。缓坡、陡坡和险坡三个坡度比较,多样性指数均为陡坡 】险坡 】缓坡。为进一步加强自然保护区管理,促进社区经济可持续发展,笔者还提出了一些生物多样性保护方面的建议和措施。

Under funding of biodiversity monitoring fixed sample plots construction project (first phase) of Jiuwan mountain national nature reserve, plant biodiversity of the 24 fixed sample plots in the nature reserve were investigated during July to August, 2011. The richness, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and PieLou evenness index were used to calculate the plant diversity. Then the plant diversity of core area, buffer area and experimental area had been compared, and the relativity between plant diversity and some factors such as altitude, slope and slope aspect had been studied. The results show that Jiuwan mountain nature reserve has relatively high plant diversity: richness 31~80, Shannon-Wiener index 2.8861~3.8108, Simpson index 0.9248~0.9673 and PieLou evenness index 0.7947~0.8980. The community diversity index follows the order of core area >experimental area >buffer area. Diversity of tree layer by four indexes above has no significant variation in altitude, while PieLou evenness index of shrubs and herbs is significantly negatively correlated with altitude. The aspect and slope have a significant impact on the diversity of shrubs. The richness, Shannon-Wiener index of shrub follow the order of half sunny slope >half shady slope >shady slope, while Simpson index and PieLou evenness index with the following order: half shady slope >half sunny slope >shady slope. And the shrub communities with the following diversity indexes order: steep slope >dangerous slope >gentle slope. In order to further strengthen the management of the nature reserves, so as to promote the sustainable development of community economy, some sug-gestions and measures for biodiversity protection were put forward by the authors.