人居环境自然适宜性评价研究

Study on Natural Suitability Evaluation of Human Settlement Environment

人居环境自然适宜性直接关系着人们的生活质量,不仅影响人的身心健康,也从地理割据和生态特征上决定着人口分布的基本格局。本文以地形地貌、土地覆被、气候和水文等影响人居环境的自然因子为构成要素,定量评价以山西为实证研究的人居环境的自然适宜性和限制性。结果显示,山西省没有高度适宜地区和不适宜地区这两种极端类型的人居环境,大部分的人口与土地集中在一般适宜地区,其次是临界适宜地区,比较适宜地区占比很低、土地面积不足3%、人口也仅占到5%左右。根据山西人居环境自然适宜性特点,制定了差别化政策体系。

The natural suitability of human settlements is directly related to people’s quality of life. It not only affects people’s physical and mental health, but also determines the basic pattern of population distribution from geographical separatism and ecological characteristics. In this paper, the natural suitability and limitation of human settlements in Shanxi Province are quantitatively evaluated by taking the natural factors affecting human settlements such as topography, land cover, climate and hydrology as the constituent factors. The results show: there are no two extreme types of human settlements in Shanxi Province, namely, highly suitable areas and unsuitable areas, and most of the population and land are concentrated in generally suitable areas. The second is the critical suitable area. The proportion of suitable areas is very low, the land area is less than 3%, and the population is only about 5%. According to the characteristics of natural suitability of human settlements in Shanxi, a differentiated policy system is formulated.