直接甲酸燃料电池Pt基催化剂抗CO毒化的研究进展

Research Progress on Anti-CO Poisoning of Pt-Based Catalysts for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

直接甲酸燃料电池(DFAFCs)由于其具有较高的功率密度、能量效率和环境友好等优点被认为是目前最有前途的能量转换装置之一。作为膜电极的关键组分,铂(Pt)基纳米材料因其具有较好的催化活性受到广泛的关注。然而,局限于Pt的成本高昂、易被中间产物毒化等关键问题,研究新型高活性、高抗毒化能力的Pt基催化剂是当前DFAFCs商业化发展需要研究的热点问题之一。首先,本文阐述甲酸氧化产生中间产物CO以及Pt被CO毒化的机理;其次,我们整理近年来研究者们对Pt基催化剂CO耐受性的研究进展,其主要内容包括单原子、合金和异质结构等催化剂的设计合成及其对催化活性以及抗毒性的影响;最后,我们对直接甲酸燃料Pt基催化剂未来的发展方向提出了展望。

Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are considered to be one of the most promising energy conversion devices due to their high power density, high energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. As a key component of membrane electrodes, platinum (Pt)-based nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their good catalytic activity. However, limited by the high cost of Pt and its susceptibility to poisoning by intermediate products, many efforts have focused on the study of Pt-based catalysts with high activity and high anti-poisoning ability, which need to be studied in the commercial development of DFAFCs. First of all, this paper expounds the formation mechanism of CO intermediate and its poisoning for Pt;secondly, we summarize the research progress of the CO tolerance of Pt-based catalysts in recent years. The main contents include single atom, Pt-based alloys and heterogeneous structure, the design and synthesis of Pt-based catalysts such as structure and their effects on catalytic activity and anti-toxicity;finally, we put forward an outlook on the future development direction of Pt-based catalysts in DFAFCs.