突发公共危机中政府新闻发布的疫苗话语研究

Research on Vaccine Discourse of the Government Press Release in Public Health Emergencies

在外界“疫苗犹豫”与舆论质疑的背景下,我国新冠疫苗的早期推行并不顺利。新闻发布会作为“组织–公众”沟通对话的纽带,为官方引导公众接种疫苗提供了有效平台。本文以24场中央层面的国务院联防联控机制新闻发布会为例,运用对话公关理论和批判话语分析的方法,探讨我国官方以何种话语动员公众接种新冠疫苗。研究发现:在文本实践方面,官方通过修辞、隐喻、人称等方式动员公众接种疫苗,疫苗话语中反映出承诺性、共生性、接近性、共情性的特征,且有效淡化了风险性的影响。新闻发布会提供了一个与公众平等对话的平台,政府的疫苗话语对健康动员产生了积极影响。

The public’s doubtful opinion and China’s vaccine hesitancy leave the early implemen-tation of China’s COVID-19 vaccine on the ropes. News Release Conference, a bond between the government and the public, proves an effective platform in terms of managing people being vaccinated. Taking 24 Press Conferences of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council as examples, this paper explores what the government said to mobilize the unvaccinated based on a critical discourse analysis framework and a dialogic theory of public relations, and further analyzes the ideology contained in the discourse. This paper analyzes factors such as figures of speech, metaphors, and personification. The result shows that the discourse illustrates features of commitment, proximity, empathy, and mutuality and downplays risk impacts. The government does its best to achieve an equal dialogue with the public, and its discourse concerning vaccination does help mobilize the public to get jabbed.