发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH):解剖、病因、诊断和治疗

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): Anatomy, Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

髋关节发育不良(Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, DDH)是一种复杂的髋关节疾病,其涉及范围从新生儿的不稳定髋到髋臼或股骨的发育不良、髋关节半脱位直至完全脱位。这种疾病可能导致结构上的改变,从而引发早期的髋关节病变。尽管已经确定了一些危险因素,但其确切的病因和病理生理机制仍未完全明了。新生儿筛查、体格检查以及超声检查在DDH的早期诊断和预防早期髋关节病变中起到了至关重要的作用。这篇综述着重总结了目前DDH的检测和治疗的实践策略。Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a complex disease of the Hip, which involves from the unstable Hip to acetabular or femoral Dysplasia, subluxation and complete dislocation of the Hip. The disease can lead to structural changes that can lead to early hip disease. Although a number of risk factors have been identified, the exact etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Neonatal screening, physical examination and ultrasonography play an important role in the early diagnosis and prevention of DDH. This review summarizes current practical strategies for the detection and treatment of DDH.