一株原油降解菌的培养与性能评价

Cultivation and Performance Evaluation of a Crude Oil Degrading Bacteria

微生物采油对于高含水和近枯竭的老油田显示出其强大的生命力。其利用微生物自身的繁殖、代谢等功能,对原油进行降解,有利于启动残余油,提高井组的原油采收率。本研究在油藏油样和井旁的油污土壤分离出菌种,利用平板反复分离纯化,提取菌落基因组DNA,扩增16SrDNA-23SrDNA间区序列并送测序,对筛选到的菌株进行初步鉴定。通过模拟油藏温度和压力条件,测试了溶氧含量,碳源、氮源、磷源等营养基浓度对微生物生长繁殖的影响,提高外源微生物对油藏、地层环境适应性。运用岩心物理模拟实验进行多次验证及优化,确定微生物驱油的工艺参数。

Microbial enhanced oil recovery shows great vitality for high water content and nearly exhausted old oil fields.Microbial reproduction metabolism utilizes residual oil as a carbon source.Oil was degraded in this process.To obtain higher efficiency of the oil extraction the special bacteria were sifted through experiments.The 16SrDNA-23SrDNA sequence of the strain was amplified and sent for sequencing.The influence of nutrient concentration and dissolved oxygen content were tested by laboratory experiment.The process parameters of microbial oil displacement were optimized by physical simulation experiment.The move improved the microbial adaptability to the reservoir environment.