典型国家(地区)发展绿色消费的经验做法及启示

Experience and Enlightenment from the Development of Green Consumption in Typical Countries (Regions)

“十四五”时期是中国碳达峰的关键期,也是绿色消费行为和绿色生活方式培育的窗口期。推动绿色消费升级,以绿色消费引领碳达峰行动已成为新时代推动中国经济社会全面绿色转型的重要战略任务。西方发达国家在发展绿色消费方面走在了世界的前列,有许多成功的经验,为促进中国绿色消费的健康快速发展带来了许多有益的启示。为推动绿色消费,促进产业绿色循环低碳发展,助力双碳目标的实现,本文选取了中国、北欧、英国、德国、美国、日本等6个绿色消费典型国家(地区),从绿色消费研究特点、绿色消费政策实施以及绿色消费行为特征等3个维度梳理总结了其发展绿色消费的经验做法,并从发展路径和措施层面归纳提炼出其带给我们的启示。

During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, China faces a critical juncture in achieving carbon peaking and represents a pivotal window for cultivating green consumption behavior and promoting a green lifestyle. Leading the action for carbon peaking through the promotion of upgraded green consumption has become a significant strategic task for China in the new era, driving a comprehensive green transformation of the economy and society. Developed countries have already taken a global lead in the development of green consumption, boasting numerous successful experience, which offers valuable enlightenment for fostering the healthy and rapid development of green consumption in China. In order to drive green consumption, promote industrial green circular low-carbon development, and contribute to the realization of dual carbon goals, this paper selects six typical countries (regions), including China, the Nordic region, the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and Japan. This study comprehensively reviews and summarizes their experience and practices in developing green consumption across three dimensions: the characteristics of green consumption research, the implementation of green consumption policies, and the characteristics of green consumption behavior. The paper then distills enlightenment from the development paths and measures taken by these countries.