主–客体化学中大环主体分子的研究进展

Research Progress of Macrocyclic Molecules in Host-Guest Chemistry

超分子化学专注于通过弱非共价相互作用,包括π-π相互作用、氢键相互作用、疏水相互作用、主–客体相互作用等,对各种结构单元进行分子识别和自组装。非共价相互作用、主客体识别和刺激响应自组装结构之间的关系具有重要意义,在各种非共价相互作用的驱动下,基于主客体相互作用的超分子体系由于大环主体的引入而表现出迷人的性质。本文研究了冠醚、环糊精、柱芳烃以及葫芦脲等大环主体分子的进展,同时近年来,合成了新的大环主体,极大地促进了超分子化学的发展。

Supramolecular chemistry focuses on molecular recognition and self-assembly of various structural units through weak non-covalent interactions, including π-π interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and host-guest interactions. The relationship between non- covalent interactions, host-guest recognition, and stimulus-response self-assembly structures are of great significance. Driven by various non-covalent interactions, supramolecular systems based on host-guest interactions exhibit fascinating properties due to the introduction of macrocyclic agents. In this paper, the progress of macrocyclic main molecules such as crown ether, cyclodextrin, column aromatics and cucurbit[n]urils has been studied. In recent years, new macrocyclic main molecules have been synthesized, which has greatly promoted the development of supramolecular chemistry.