激光选区熔化制备外太空轻质钻具的研究进展

Research Progress of Selective Laser Melting to Fabricate Outer Space Lightweight Drilling Tools

近年来,外太空钻采受到越来越多的关注,随着外太空研究的不断深入,外太空运载的高成本和运载能力的限制,制约了外太空钻探的发展,亟待轻量化的钻探设备来突破瓶颈。激光选区熔化技术的出现为轻量化结构的发展提供了理想的途径,可用于外太空轻质钻具的研究制造。文章综述了航天领域对于轻量化的要求以及轻量化装备的研究现状,对激光选区熔化技术特点进行了总结和概括并指出其在轻量化结构制造中的优势,以取样钻头为例阐述了外太空钻探装备的研究现状,提出利用激光选区熔化制备外太空轻质钻具,并从轻量点阵结构出发对激光选区熔化技术制备外太空轻质钻具的可行性进行了分析。

In recent years, outer space drilling has received more and more attention. With the deepening of outer space research, the high cost of outer space transportation and the limitation of carrying capacity have restricted the development of outer space drilling, and there is an urgent need for lightweight drilling equipment to break through the bottleneck. The emergence of selective laser melting technology provides an ideal way for the development of lightweight structures, which can be used in the research and manufacture of lightweight drilling tools in outer space. The article summarizes the requirements for lightweight in the aerospace field and the research status of lightweight equipment, generalizes the characteristics of selective laser melting technology, and points out its advantages in lightweight structure’s manufacturing, and uses sampling drills as an example to illustrate outer space drilling. According to the research status of equipment, the use of selective laser melting to prepare outer space lightweight drilling tools is proposed, and the feasibility of selective laser melting technology to prepare outer space lightweight drilling tools is analyzed from the light-weight lattice structure.