基于仿鲨鱼皮表面微织构的冷却流道散热特性研究

Study on Heat Dissipation Characteristics of Cooling Channel Based on Microtexture of Shark Skin Surface

散热对精密机械、电子器件的正常工作至关重要。基于自然界中鲨鱼皮的表面微组织结构,本文构建了光滑平直冷却流道模型和锯齿形、圆齿形两种仿鲨鱼皮表面微织构冷却流道模型,通过采用流固耦合方法进行数值模拟,分析对比了三种冷却流道模型的散热效果。研究表明:两种仿鲨鱼皮表面微织构冷却流道模型相较于光滑平直冷却流道模型有比较明显的散热效果;齿高的增大和冷却液流速的提高都能增强两种仿鲨鱼皮表面微织构冷却流道模型的散热效果;冷却液流向与流道方向夹角的增大使两种仿鲨鱼皮表面微织构冷却流道模型的散热效果下降;相同条件下,锯齿形冷却流道模型相较于圆齿形结构的散热优势更为突出。研究结果可为散热优化研究提供参考。

Heat dissipation performance is important for normal function of precision machinery and electronic devices. Based on the surface microtexture of shark skin in nature, in this paper, the smooth flat cooling channel model and two kinds of shark skin surface microtexture cooling channel models with saw tooth or circular tooth are constructed. Through numerical simulation with fluid structure coupling method, the heat dissipation effects of three cooling channel models are analyzed and compared. The results show that the two kinds of shark skin surface microtexture cooling channel models have obvious heat dissipation effect compared with the smooth flat cooling channel model. The increase of tooth height and coolant flow rate can enhance the heat dissipation effect of the two kinds of shark skin surface microtexture cooling channel models. And the increase of the angle between the coolant flow direction and the flow channel direction decreases the heat dissipation effect of them. Under the same conditions, the heat dissipation advantage of cooling channel model with sawtooth is more prominent than that of cooling channel model with circular tooth. The research results can provide reference for heat dissipation optimization research.