基于正负压循环试验的汽车燃油箱结构强度分析

Structural Strength Analysis of Automobile Fuel Tanks Based on Positive and Negative Pressure Cycle Tests

燃油箱是汽车燃油供给系统中的关键零部件,燃油箱的结构安全对整车安全的影响至关重要。基于两种正负压循环试验方法,分别对两款塑料燃油箱进行正负压循环试验,获得了燃油箱不同位置的实测形变量。结果表明,燃油箱的隔热板和燃油泵上下安装面及其附近位置是燃油箱强度最危险点,实测形变量接近最大允许形变量。燃油箱侧面普遍存在大形变量,也是燃油箱强度的重要薄弱位置和危险点。在进行燃油箱的优化设计时须采取相应手段提高危险点位置的结构强度,以防出现燃油箱形变量过大导致开裂漏油的情况发生。本研究通过正负压循环试验实测燃油箱多个位置的形变量,为燃油箱结构强度的优化设计提供参考依据,有效缩短开发周期。

The fuel tank is a key component in the fuel supply system, and the structural safety of the fuel tank is crucial for the vehicle safety. Based on two positive and negative pressure cycle test methods, positive and negative pressure cycle tests were conducted on two types of plastic fuel tanks, and measured deformation at different positions of fuel tank were obtained. The results show that the insulation panel of the fuel tank and the upper and lower installation surfaces of oil pump are the most dangerous points, and the measured deformation is close to the maximum allowable deformation. There is generally large deformation on the side of fuel tanks, which is also an important weak position and dangerous point of the fuel tank strength. When optimizing the design of the fuel tank, corresponding measures must be taken to improve the structural strength of dangerous points to prevent the fuel tank from cracking and leaking oil due to excessive deformation. This study measured the deformation at multiple positions of fuel tank through positive and negative pressure cycle tests, providing a reference for the optimal design of the structural strength of the fuel tank, and effectively shortening the development cycle.