计量与认知视角下的四川话隐喻构词研究

Study the Metaphorical Word Formation of Sichuan Dialect from the Perspective of Metrology and Cognition

612个四川话隐喻性特色方言词语的计量分析显示四川话隐喻构词的类型包括:实体隐喻】结构隐喻】空间隐喻。这些隐喻性词语的词性分布则包括:名词】动词】形容词】副词。分类计量统计揭示出了四川话隐喻性词语的隐喻类型和词性之间的各种选择倾向性。在隐喻类型选择倾向上,实体隐喻占比最高;而在隐喻性词语的词性分布上,名词占比最高;这二者之间存在着一致性。从隐喻性词语的词性来看,四川话隐喻性特色方言词汇以名词和动词为主,形容词次之,副词最少,这与四川话特色词汇的词性总体分布也存在一致性。大量四川话隐喻性特色方言词语的定性与定量分析表明:四川话使用者的特有认知方式深受农耕文化、“吃”文化和地域特殊文化影响。

The quantitative analysis of 612 metaphorical dialect words in Sichuan dialect shows that the types of metaphorical expressions in Sichuan dialect include: ontological metaphor >structural metaphor >orientational metaphor. The part-of-speech distribution of these metaphorical words includes: noun >verb >adjective >adverb. The categorical measurement statistics reveals the various selection tendencies between the metaphor types and the part-of-speech in the meta-phorical words of Sichuan dialects. In the tendency of metaphor type selection in these metaphor-ical dialect words, the ontological metaphors account for the largest proportion;while in the dis-tribution of part-of-speech of these metaphorical dialect words, nouns account for the largest proportion;there is consistency between the two tendencies. For the part-of-speech, the main types of metaphorical dialect words in Sichuan dialect are noun and verb, adjectives and adverbs have a very small number. This is consistent with the overall distribution features of part-of-speech of Sichuan dialect vocabulary. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the metaphorical words in Sichuan dialect shows that the unique cognitive style of Sichuan dialect users is deeply influenced by farming culture, “eating” culture and regional special culture.