现代汉语中礼貌语的地域差异研究——以恭维言语行为为例

A Study on the Regional Differences of Politeness in Modern Chinese—Take Compliment Speech Behavior as an Example

目前,变异语用研究已经成为礼貌语研究中一个不容忽视的领域,其旨在探索地域及其他社会因素对同一语言不同变体之间的影响。目前大量的语用变异研究集中在印欧多中心语言,鲜有涉及非印欧多中心语言(如:汉语)的礼貌语研究。本文以汉语恭维言语行为作依托点,通过问卷调查和回顾性群体访谈,着重探讨中国西北地区和台湾地区的恭维策略差异。数据结果表明,两个地域所使用的恭维语用策略既存在明显相似,又存在显著差异。通过分析讨论揭示不同地域的交际者对恭维行为的认知差异,本研究以期在外汉语教学(TCFL)方面,不仅能为外国的汉语学习者,而且能为汉语教师更有针对性地了解国内不同地域的礼貌行为和提高语用意识提供参考。

At present, variational pragmatic research has become an important area in the study of polite language, which aims to explore the influence of regional and other social factors on different va-riants of the same language . Up to now, a large number of studies on variational pragmatics focus on Indo-European poly-concentric languages, and few studies on non-Indo-European lan-guages (such as Chinese) . This article takes Chinese compliment speech behavior as the support point, with methods of questionnaire surveys and retrospective group interviews, it focuses on the regional differences between compliment strategies in Northwest area of Mainland and Taiwan Region. The data results show that the employments of compliment strategies in the two regions show obviously similar aspects and significantly different aspects. Through analysis and discussion, differences in comprehension and cognition of speakers in two regions are revealed as well. This study aims to offer help to Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (TCFL), which not only for foreign Chinese learners, but also for Chinese teachers to better understand the different domestic Regional politeness and to raise pragmatic awareness.