“V有”型动词的句法考察

A Syntactic Study of “V You” Verbs

文章从共时角度考察了现代汉语中的9个“V有”动词。它们是“有”的一组下位复合动词,核心语义为“领有”,句中主要作谓语和定语。宾语大多数须满足抽象性、低生命性和名词性;“V有”动词动作性低,类似状态动词,在句中表达客体说明性,用于现实句;“V有”和“V有N”都能作定语,需要带“的”,前者具有强调领属指别的限定性,后者具有强调性状特点的描写性。

The article examines nine “V you” verbs in modern Chinese from a synchronic perspective. They are a group of subordinate compound verbs of “you”, the core semantics of which is “lead”, and they are mainly used as predicate and attributive. Most objects of “V you” must meet abstraction, low vitality and nominality;“V you” verbs have low motility and like state verbs, which express the topic explanatory in the sentence and are used in the real sentence;“V you” and “V you N” can be used as attributive and need to bring “de”, and the former has the limitation of emphasizing the category of the subordinate, while the latter has the descriptiveness of emphasizing the characteristics of traits.