基于DWDS语料库的德语近义词辨析——以benutzen、verwenden和gebrauchen为例

German Near-Synonyms Discrimination Based on DWDS Corpus—Taking “benutzen” “verwenden” and “gebrauchen” for Reference

近义词辨析是二语习得和教学中的一大难点,而目前针对包括德语在内的小语种近义词的研究尚疏。同时,近年来兴起的语料库为此领域的研究提供了极大助力。故借助权威性较高的德语语料库DWDS,选取具有“使用”意义的一组德语近义动词benutzen、verwenden和gebrauchen,从词频、语域和搭配三方面对其进行辨析研究。并借此对DWDS的重要功能及使用方法进行介绍和展示,以促进该语料库的应用。

Near-synonym discrimination is a major challenge in a second language acquisition and teaching, while research on near-synonyms in non-English languages, including German, is still sparse. At the same time, the rise of corpus in recent years has provided a great impetus in this field. So in this paper, the authoritative German corpus DWDS is used to analyze a set of German near-sense verbs “benutzen” “verwenden” and “gebrauchen” with the meaning of “use” in terms of word frequency, register, and collocation. In this way, the important functions and usage of DWDS are introduced and demonstrated, which can contribute to the promotion of its application.