程瑶田语言体认成就及其理路、方法与影响

Cheng Yaotian’s Achievement of Language Embodied Cognition and Its Logic, Method & Influences

清代徽派朴学家程瑶田运用传统训诂学理论、方法的同时,积极吸纳新学理、新方法、新手段,突破传统训诂学的局限,经史互证,文献考证和实物目验相结合,从而获得科学的语言体认。其《果臝转语记》是在戴震“转语”说直接影响下词源研究上的一大创举,明确提出了“声随形命,字依声立”“屡变其物而不易其名,屡易其文而弗离其声”这一语言产生原则。程瑶田这些语言体认成果为当代新兴的体认语言学提供了丰富的语料和理论支撑,由于王寅教授的推阐与理论构建,在新的历史时期开出了旧树新花。

Cheng Yaotian, a scholar of Huizhou Puxue in the Qing Dynasty, demonstrated each other between classics and history, combined literature textual research with physical object by integrating new theories, new methods and means into the traditional exegesis theories and methods, thus obtained scientific language recognition. His work Derivations of Guo Luo, which is a great pioneering book in etymological research under the influence of Dai Zhen’s “transliterated words” theory, clearly puts forward two language generation principles: the pronunciation of Chinese character is based on the shape of things and the writing of Chinese character should be determined according to pronunciation;things can vary but their names remain unchanged and the writing of Chinese characters always change, but their pronunciation is still same. Cheng Yaotian’s language recognition achievements provide rich corpus and theoretical support for contemporary embodied-cognitive linguistics. Due to Professor Wang Yin’s research and exposition &theoretical construction, the old research achievements of Cheng Yaotian and other scholars have developed into new scientific achievements.