歇后语对外汉语教学研究

Research on Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language of Xiehouyu

在对外汉语教学中,歇后语以其精炼简短的语言形式、诙谐风趣的语言风格、别具一格的表现形式以及所承载的深厚的中华文化受到了留学生的青睐,与此同时,歇后语在表达方式上也有含蓄委婉、表意的双层性等特点。歇后语是一个国家和民族的民俗文化在语言中的具体表现。本文主要研究在对外汉语教学中对歇后语的选择,及该类型的教学方法,旨在通过对歇后语的分析,总结出适用于对外汉语交际的歇后语的条目并根据留学生的汉语级别对不同难易程度的歇后语进行级别分类。通过对这两部分的深入探究,得出适合现今社会留学生学习的歇后语和教学方法。本文所提出的四条教学方法分别适用于不同难度类型的歇后语,也与留学生的汉语水平有密不可分的关系,有针对性地提出新颖适用的教学方法可以使歇后语的教学效果得到一定的提升。

In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, Xiehouyu has been favored by international stu-dents for its refined and short language form, witty language style, unique form of expression, and the profound Chinese culture it carries. At the same time, allegorical expressions also have the characteristics of implicit and euphemistic and double-layered expressions. Xiehouyu is the specific expression of the folk culture of a country and nation in language. This article mainly studies the choice of Xiehouyu in teaching Chinese as a foreign language and the teaching methods of this type. It attempts to analyze the Xiehouyu to summarize the entries of Xiehouyu that are suitable for communication in Chinese as a foreign language, and to determine the degree of difficulty according to the level of Chinese language of foreign students. The Xiehouyu are classified by level. Through the in-depth exploration of these two parts, the Xiehouyu and teaching methods suitable for international students in today’s society are obtained. The four teaching methods proposed in this paper are applicable to different types of Xiehouyu, and are inseparable from the Chinese proficiency of international students. Proposing new and applicable teaching methods can improve the teaching effect of Xiehouyu to a certain extent.