“回头”的“否则”义用法

The Usage of “Fouze” of “Huitou”

“祈使句 + 回头 + 不期望事件”句式(简记为“p,回头q”)中的“回头”与“否则”类似,可称之为“回头”的“否则”义用法。“p,回头q”与“p,否则q”同样表达了“~p→q”的逻辑关系,但二者在情态表达上存在一定的差异。“否则”义源自时间义,“p,回头q”是语法化的临界环境,语用推理以及逻辑关系的凸显使得“否则”义产生。不过受到“临界频率”的制约,该语法化过程并未完成,“否则”义仍是语境义。

When “huitou” is used in the sentence pattern of “imperative sentence + huitou + unexpected event” (abbreviated as “p, huitou q”), it is similar to “fouze”, which can be called the usage of “fouze” of “huitou”. “p, huitou q” and “p, fouze q” also express the logical relationship of “~p→q”, but there are some differences between them in modal expression. The meaning of “fouze” comes from the meaning of time, and “p, huitou q” is the critical environment of grammaticalization. The pragmatic inference and the prominence of logical relation make the meaning of “fouze” come into being. However, restricted by the “critical frequency”, the grammaticalization process has not been completed, and the meaning of “fouze” is still the contextual meaning.