内蒙古东部汉语方言的文化人类学分析——以蒙、满、俄语外来词为对象

Cultural Anthropological Analysis of Chinese Dialects in Eastern Inner Mongolia—Taking Mongolian, Manchu and Russian Loanwords as Objects

内蒙古东部汉语方言区属于北方方言区的东北次方言区,包括锡林郭勒盟东部、兴安盟、呼伦贝尔市、赤峰市、通辽市。因社会、民族、历史等原因,内蒙古东部汉语方言曾有大量外来词出现,其中又以蒙语、满语、俄语的外来词最多。随着时代的发展,这些外来词或沿用、或消亡、或有了新的内涵,随之也产生了一系列独特的文化现象。本文通过语料整理并进行对比分析,从词汇数量、词汇使用与词汇传播三个方面对内蒙古东部汉语方言区中的蒙、满、俄语外来词进行文化人类学研究。发现内蒙古东部汉语方言中的外来词体现出数量上的语言地位变化、使用上的文化融合、传播上的社会变迁等文化人类学内涵。

The Chinese dialect area of eastern Inner Mongolia belongs to the northeast sub-dialect area of the northern dialect area, including the eastern part of Xilingol League, Xing’an League, Hulun-buir City, Chifeng City, and Tongliao City. Due to social, ethnic, historical and other reasons, there have been a large number of loanwords in the Chinese dialects of eastern Inner Mongolia, among which Mongolian, Manchu and Russian have the most loanwords. With the development of the times, these foreign words have been used, disappeared, or have new connotations, and a series of unique cultural phenomena have also emerged. This paper conducts cultural anthro-pological research on Mongolian, Manchu and Russian loanwords in the Chinese dialect area of eastern Inner Mongolia from three aspects: vocabulary quantity, vocabulary usage and vocabu-lary dissemination through corpus arrangement and comparative analysis. It is found that the loanwords in the Chinese dialects of eastern Inner Mongolia reflect cultural anthropological connotations, such as quantitative linguistic status changes, cultural fusion in use, and social changes in communication.