テイレバ反事实假定句的日汉翻译研究——以日语后句时与态为中心

Research on Japanese-Chinese Translation of Counter-Factual Hypothetical Sentences テイレバ—Focusing on the Tense and Aspect of the Main Clause in Japanese

本文基于语料库语言学的观点,使用共现网络分析的研究方法从200部日语小说及其汉语译本中抽取1000テイレバ日汉对译例句,以研究日语テイレバ条件句的内部外部的对应关系,即日语テイレバ前项语义关系与后项时•态的对应关系和日语テイレバ前项语义关系与汉语表达的对应关系。发现表示假定条件时其搭配倾向为qル与只要;qテイル与只要;qテイル与就;表示一般的•习惯的条件时为qル与時;qル与无标句;qル与只要;表示事实假定时为qル与无标句(pq);qル与就。而在表示反事实假定时与タ形共起倾向更明显,其搭配倾向为qテイタ与如果;qタ与如果。

From the view of corpus linguistics and based on the research method of co-occurrence network analysis, 1000 テイレバ Japanese-Chinese translation examples from 200 Japanese novels and their Chinese translations were extracted, in order to study the internal and external correspon-dence of the テイレバ conditional sentences. That is, the corresponding relationship between the preceding semantic with the latter tense and aspect in テイレバ sentences, and the corresponding relationship between the preceding semantic with the Chinese expressions in テイレバ sentences. It is found that when expressing hypothetical conditions, the collocation tends to be qルand 只要;qテイル and 只要;qテイル and 就;when expressing general and customary conditions tends to be qル and 時;qル and unmarked sentences;qル and 只要;when expressing factual assumption, the collocation, the collocation tends to be qル与 unmarked sentences (pq);qル and 就. On the other hand, when expressing the counterfactual hypothesis, the tendency of co-occurrence with タ形 is more obvious, and its collocation tends to be qテイタ and 如果;qタ and 如果.