生态翻译学视角下抗疫纪录片字幕文化负载词英译研究

Study on Translation of Chinese Culture-Loaded Words in the Anti-Epidemic Documentary Subtitling from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology

庚子年春,新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情在世界范围内蔓延扩散,全国各族人民进行了一场惊心动魄、艰苦卓绝的抗疫斗争。在此背景下,许多抗疫纪录片佳作涌现。但这些纪录片的英文字幕翻译尚未有与之相适应的翻译策略与方法进行指导。字幕中的文化负载词能够有效反映中国文化,体现抗疫精神。本文以生态翻译学理论为指导,描述抗疫纪录片字幕翻译生态环境,分类别研究抗疫纪录片字幕中文化负载词英译的整合适应选择度,旨在探索出系统有效的抗疫纪录片中文化负载词的英译策略与方法,即对于习语文化、委婉语、数字的文化负载词,选择依归于译语生态的策略,采取意译的方法,对于传统文化、专名文化负载词,选择依归于原语文化的策略,采取直译加注释的方法,以提升字幕质量,讲好中国抗疫故事。

Since the COVID-19 pandemic spread worldwide in the spring of 2020, Chinese people have fought against the virus with courage and will. With this emerge many excellent anti-epidemic documentaries. However, the translation of these documentary subtitling has not yet been guided by appropriate translation strategies and methods. Culture-loaded words in subtitling effectively reflect Chinese culture and finally reveal the great spirit of combating the pandemic. On the basis of Eco- Translatology, this study describes the translation eco-environment of the anti-epidemic documentary subtitling and assesses the degrees of holistic adaptation and selection of the translation of cultural-loaded words in these documentaries by way of classification. The study explores feasible translation strategies and methods. For the culture-loaded words of idiomatic culture, euphemism and number, the strategy of adapting the eco-environment of the target language should be adopted, and the method of free translation should be adopted. For the culture-loaded words of Chinese traditional culture and proper name, the strategy of adapting the eco-environment of the original language should be adopted, and the method of literal translation and annotation should be adopted. Therefore, it could improve the quality of the subtitles and help present compelling Chinese stories of combating the virus.