英汉小句复合体在散文语篇的逻辑语义表达对比——以《匆匆》语篇及其译文为例

A Contrast of Logical-Semantic Expressions of English and Chinese Clause Complexes in Prose Discourse—A Case Study of Rush and Its English Version

英语和汉语属于不同的语系,逻辑语义表达差异是两者反映在语言上的差异之一。Halliday认为,小句复合体是语篇的基本单位之一,在分析句子语法以及小句成分方面有着显著优势。本研究以Halliday提出的逻辑语义关系系统为依据,通过对朱自清笔下的《匆匆》语篇原文及其译文进行对比分析,探索英汉散文语篇各自的逻辑语义结构特征,归纳出英汉散文语篇逻辑语义表达的相似性与差异性。研究发现,在英汉语篇中,详述、延展、加强这三种扩展关系都有着不同频率的分布,延展关系所占比例最高,其次是增强关系,最少的是详述关系。此外,汉语语篇的语义逻辑联系更多地倾向于隐性表达,而英语语篇的语义联系更多地依赖显性逻辑连接词。

Belonging to different language families, the logical-semantic expression is one of the differences between English and Chinese. Halliday believes that clause complex is one of the basic units of text, and has a significant importance in analyzing the clause grammar and components. The study is based on Halliday’s theory of logical-semantic relations and tries to compare and analyze the original text and its translation of Zhu Ziqing’s Rush. In this case, the study attempts to explore the potential logical-semantic structure of English and Chinese prose discourse and discuss their similarities and differences. The study found that the three expansion relations of elaboration, extension, and enhancement have different frequency distributions in English and Chinese prose texts: the extension relation takes the major part, then the enhancement, and the least is the elaboration. In addition, the semantic and logical connections of Chinese texts rely more on context, while the semantic connections of English texts rely more on explicit conjunctive expressions.