合预期与反预期评注性副词的兼容表达研究——以“却–终于”为例

The Research on Compatibility Mode of Expectation Modal Adverbs and Anti-Expectation Modal Adverbs—Taking “Que-Zhongyu” as an Example

反预期评注性副词“却”与合预期评注性副词“终于”可以在同一小句内兼容共现,其句类分布主要有陈述句、感叹句、疑问句三类。序列形式上,二者可以连用,也可以分用,且位置一般不可以调换。兼容表现上,主要有“反说话人预期/合他人预期”“反说话人预期/合说话人预期”两种。出现这种现象的原因可以归纳为以下三点:交互主观化的需求;语言“多声性”的解读;言者不同立场的兼顾。

Expectation modal adverbs “Que (却)” and anti-expectation modal adverbs “Zhong Yu (终于)” can be compatible with each other within a minor sentence. The sentence types mainly include declarative sentence, exclamatory sentence and question sentence. They can be used together or separately in sequence form, the positions are generally not exchangeable. The main compatible mode is “speaker’s anti-expectation/other’s expectation” and “speaker’s anti-expectation/speaker’s expectation”. The reason for this phenomenon can be summarized as the following three points: The need of interactive subjectivity, Linguistic polyphony of language, and the consideration of different positions of the speaker.