纪录片的多模态话语分析——以《走进大凉山》为例

Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Documentary—Taking “Walking into Daliang Mountain” as an Example

本文通过竹内亮导演制作的《走近大凉山》为例展开多模态纪录片分析,通过ELAN标注视频中的8种模态(画面配置、画像、空间距离、身体动作、手部动作、头部动作、语言、音乐),共发现以下2条规律:1) 《走近大凉山》的各种模态中语言层占比最高,其次为身体动作层,第三者为空间距离层。2) 在语言层中主要使用C (汉语)、J (日语)等来表示;身体动作层BGZ (坐)、BGZL (站)等来表示;手部动作HMZ (中动作)、HMS (向上动作)等来表示;头部动作TMZT (转身)、TMTT (抬头)等来表示;空间距离层ZN (近距离)、ZF (远距离)等来表示;音乐层SM (主观音乐)、OM (客观音乐)等来表示;图像层IT (文字)、ITV (文字和视频)等来表示;画面配置AP (人)、APS (人与景观)等来表示。

In this paper, the multi-modal documentary analysis is carried out by taking “Approaching Liangshan” produced by director Takeuchi Ryo as an example, Eight modes (picture configuration, portrait, space distance, body movement, hand movement, head movement, language and music) in the video are marked through ELAN. The following two laws are found: 1) Among the modes of “Approaching Liangshan”, the language layer accounts for the highest proportion, followed by the body movement layer, and the third is the space distance layer. 2) In the language layer, C (Chinese) and J (Japanese) are mainly used to express;body movement layer BGZ (sit), BGZL (stand), etc. Hand movements HMZ (middle movement), HMS (upward movement), etc.;Head movement TMZT (turn around), TMTT (head up), etc. Spatial distance layer ZN (close distance), ZF (long distance), etc. Music layer SM (subjective music), OM (objective music), etc. Image layer IT (text), ITV (text and video) and so on;the picture is represented by AP (People) and APS (People and Landscape).