政治话语中就职演讲的批评性话语分析——以美国总统特朗普和拜登就职演讲为例

Critical Discourse Analysis of Inaugural Address in Political Discourse—Taking Inaugural Addresses of Donald Trump and Joe Biden as Examples

随着经济全球化纵深发展,国际话语权逐渐成为衡量各国国际地位的重要工具。政治话语作为国际话语中的特殊部分,往往蕴含着浓厚的意识形态色彩。批评性话语分析属于现代语言学和话语分析的分支,主要以Halliday系统功能语法为理论基础,主张在社会背景下剖析各类大众话语。目前有许多研究聚焦于种族歧视类新闻话语分析且已趋向成熟。本文选取美国总统Donald Trump和Joe Biden的就职演讲,以系统功能语法中及物性、转换、情态和分类为工具进行批评性话语分析,旨在揭示政治话语与意识形态之间的关系。

The international discourse power has progressively become a significant tool to measure the international status of each country, accompanied with the burgeoning of economic globalization. As a unique constituent of international discourse, political discourse always entails a strong ideological purpose. Functioning as the novel branch of modern linguistics as well as discourse analysis, critical discourse analysis essentially utilizes Halliday’s systemic functional grammar and advocates analyzing diversified public discourse within the social context. At present, an array of researches attaches more importance to news discourse analysis on racial discrimination which already tends to be mature. This paper selects the inaugural addresses of US President Donald Trump and Joe Biden and performs the critical discourse analysis from four aspects of transitivity, transformation, modality and classification, aiming to explore the relationship between political discourse and ideology.