从翻译伦理看文学翻译中的“创造性叛逆”

“Creative Treason” in Literary Translation from the Perspective of Translation Ethics

在后现代背景下,译者从幕后走向台前,其主体性受到重视。面临诸多选择,译者在对原文进行创造性转化的过程中,除了受到意识形态、诗学等因素的影响,还受到翻译伦理的制约,“胡译”和“乱译”不是译者进行“创造性叛逆”的保护罩。翻译伦理除了涉及翻译规范,还涉及译者个人道德问题,对翻译规范的选择体现不同译者一定的价值取向和道德素养。“创造性叛逆”和遵循一定的翻译伦理并不相互矛盾,译者在对翻译规范进行价值判断的基础上,同时依据自身道德对原文的异质性进行创造性转换。因此,“创造性叛逆”是译者所遵循的伦理规范背后的价值取向和道德视域下个体差异性凸显的表征。

Under the background of post-modernism, translators move from behind the scenes to the stage, and the translators’ subjectivity is paid attention to. Faced with many choices, translators are not only influenced by ideology, poetics and other factors, but also restricted by translation ethics in the process of creative transformation of the original text. “Reckless translation” and “disorderly translation” are not protective shields for translators to carry out “creative treason”. Translation ethics involves not only translation norms, but also personal ethics of translators. The selection of translation norms reflects the value orientation and moral quality of different translators. “Creative treason” and following certain translation ethics do not contradict each other. Based on the value judgment of translation norms, translators creatively transform the heterogeneity of the original text according to their own ethics. Therefore, “creative treason” is the value orientation behind the ethical norms followed by translators and the manifestation of individual differences from a moral perspective.