语料库驱动下的《黄帝内经》中医术语俄译策略研究

A Corpus-Driven Study on the Russian Translation Strategies of Traditional Chinese Medical Terms in The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine

《黄帝内经》作为中医典籍之首,其中包括了丰富的中医术语。作为中医术语构成的重要组成部分,其术语的翻译研究对中医文化对外传播有重要意义。本文采取语料库的方法,研究《黄帝内经》中所蕴含的中医术语的俄译方法,探究其翻译策略及原因。研究发现,《黄帝内经》中对中医术语的翻译,译者多偏重于异化,翻译方法多样,以直译为主,以意译为辅。究其原因,主要受文本类型、译者主体性、翻译目的以及读者类型的影响。

The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine, the first of the traditional Chinese medical texts, includes a wealth of TCM terms. As an important part of the composition of TCM terms, the study of its translation is of great significance to the foreign communication of TCM culture. This paper adopts a corpus approach to study the Russian translations of the TCM terms contained in The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine, and explores the translation methods and strategies of TCM terms. It is found that the translators of the terminology of disease mechanisms in The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine mostly favor dissimilation, with various translation methods, mainly direct translation, supplemented by paraphrase translation. The reasons for this are mainly influenced by the type of text, the identity of translators, the purpose of translation and the type of readers.