“走X”结构的语言分析

Language Analysis of the “Zou X” Structure

近年来,“走X”在汉语中逐渐出现了新兴的搭配。本文从“走”的历时角度入手,根据语料分析“走X”结构的形式与搭配。“走X”结构否定式的否定词在“走”的前面;“走X”可以充当谓语成分、定语成分,部分“走X”结构能被“很、非常、十分、特别”等程度副词修饰,中间几乎不能插入“了”、“过”。“走X”结构的形成可归因于语言因素和非语言因素:语言因素有语言经济性原则和类推机制,非语言因素主要是经济社会的发展及社会文化心理。

In recent years, “Zou X” has gradually emerged as an emerging collocation in Chinese. This article starts from the diachronic perspective of “Zou” and analyzes the form and collocation of the “Zou X” structure based on the corpus. The negation word of “Zou X” structure is in front of “Zou”;The word “Zou X” can serve as a predicate and attributive component, and some of the “Zou X” structures can be modified by degree adverbs such as “very, special”;with almost no insertion of “le” or “guo” in the middle. The formation of the “Zou X” structure can be attributed to both linguistic and non-linguistic factors: linguistic factors include principles of linguistic economy and analogical mechanisms, while non-linguistic factors mainly include economic and social development and socio-cultural psychology.